• Letting the Anchor Go: Monetary Policy in Neutral Norway During World War I 

      Værholm, Monica; Øksendal, Lars Fredrik (Working Papers;28/2010, Working paper, 2010)
      Introduction: For later generations, August 1914 has become a watershed in monetary history. In a matter of days, the belligerent and neutral countries of Europe alike suspended the gold standard. The international monetary ...
    • Monetary Policy Under the Gold Standard - Examining the Case of Norway, 1893-1914 

      Øksendal, Lars Fredrik (Working Papers;14/2008, Working paper, 2008)
      This essay examines Norwegian monetary policy under the final decades of the classical international gold standard regime prior to World War I. While the evidence clearly demonstrates that the commitment to gold convertibility ...
    • The Decentralised Central Bank: Regional Bank Rate Autonomy in Norway, 1850-1892 

      Klovland, Jan Tore; Øksendal, Lars Fredrik (Working Papers;20/2015, Working paper, 2015)
      Before 1893 the regional branches of Norges Bank set their own bank rates. We discuss how bank rate autonomy could be reconciled with the fixed exchange rate commitments of the silver and gold standard. Although the ...
    • The Origins of a Paper Money Economy - the Case of Norway 

      Øksendal, Lars Fredrik (Working Papers;25/2009, Working paper, 2009)
      This article sketches the origins of paper money in Norway back to the last half of the 18th century and asks why there was no circulation of full-bodied coins even after notes had become convertible into silver at par in ...