• Alternative virkemidler i pengepolitikken - den nødvendige monetære økosirk 

      Bernhardsen, Tom; Kloster, Arne; Syrstad, Olav (Staff Memo;12/2016, Working paper, 2016)
      I dette notatet ser vi [...] nærmere på alternative virkemidler med særlig fokus på monetær økosirk. Vi drøfter først ulike pengemengdebegreper og hvordan penger skapes. Deretter ser vi nærmere på såkalte likviditetsstyr ...
    • Liquidity Management System : Floor or Corridor? 

      Bernhardsen, Tom; Kloster, Arne (Staff Memo;4/2010, Working paper, 2010)
      Developments during the financial crisis of 2008 and 2009 have, at least temporarily, changed the way monetary policy is implemented in many countries. Before the crisis, most countries implemented policy through some form ...
    • Renteanalysen 

      Bernhardsen, Tom (Staff Memo;4/2011, Working paper, 2011)
      I dette notatet gis en oversikt over rentebegreper som er sentrale i Norges Banks analyse. Det er først og fremst skrevet for dem som i utgangspunktet ikke er godt kjent med renteanalyse, herunder nyutdannede økonomer og ...
    • Risikopåslagene i Nibor og andre lands interbankrenter 

      Bernhardsen, Tom; Kloster, Arne; Syrstad, Olav (Staff Memo;20/2012, Working paper, 2012)
      Interbankrenter som Libor, Euribor, Stibor og Nibor spiller en viktig rolle som referanserenter i en rekke låneavtaler og for ulike typer derivater. Interbankrentene skal uttrykke prisen på et usikret utlån fra en bank til ...
    • Risk Premiums in NIBOR and Other Countries’ Interbank Lending Rates 

      Bernhardsen, Tom; Kloster, Arne; Syrstad, Olav (Staff Memo;21/2012, Working paper, 2012)
      Interbank interest rates such as three‐ and six‐month LIBOR, EURIBOR, STIBOR and NIBOR play an important role as benchmark rates for a number of loan contracts and various types of derivatives. Interbank rates are intended ...
    • Sammenhengen mellom styringsrenten og makroøkonomiske variable : noen enkle ligninger for Norge 

      Bernhardsen, Tom; Bårdsen, Gunnar (Staff Memo;2/2004, Working paper, 2004)
      Sentralbanker med fleksibel inflasjonsstyring setter renten ut fra utsiktene for inflasjon og produksjon og sysselsetting. Utsiktene påvirkes av løpende informasjon om den økonomiske utviklingen. Fra utsiden vil analytikere ...
    • Simple Cross-Check Models for the Krone Exchange Rate 

      Bernhardsen, Tom (Staff Memo;1/2008, Working paper, 2008)
      In this paper we discuss simple cross-check models for the krone exchange rate. Such models may give information as to whether the exchange rate is in line with basic macroeconomic fundamentals. Norges Bank publishes ...
    • The Choice of Exchange Rate Assumption in the Process of Forecasting Inflation 

      Bernhardsen, Tom; Holmsen, Amund (Staff Memo;3/2005, Working paper, 2005)
      In the process of forecasting inflation the central bank needs to make assumptions regarding the future path of the interest rate and the exchange rate. This paper focuses on the exchange rate assumption. In particular, ...
    • The Neutral Real Interest Rate 

      Bernhardsen, Tom (Staff Memo;1/2005, Working paper, 2005)
      The topic for this paper is the so called neutral real interest rate. This is frequently defined as the level of the real interest rate consistent with stable inflation and production equal to potential production. Hence ...
    • The Relationship Between the Key Policy Rate and Macroeconomic Variables : A Simple Cross-Check for Norway 

      Bernhardsen, Tom (Staff Memo;3/2008, Working paper, 2008)
      In this paper we discuss simple relationships between the key policy rate and macroeconomic variables in Norway. Such models may be useful tools in monetary policy analysis as they provide a cross-check for the interest ...